Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) or sometimes called sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is a disease that spreads through sex. Laymen often called venereal diseases. STDs are transmitted through exchange of body fluids or contact with lesions of the disease. Than through sexual contact, STDs can also be transmitted through sharing needles and from mother to child before, during or after childbirth.
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PMS especially risky for those who have multiple partners. The more often you change partners, the more likely you are infected with an STD. STD risk can be reduced by safe sex behavior.
STDs affect both men and women. However, health problems and long-term consequences of STDs tend to be more severe in women. Some STDs can lead to pelvic inflammatory infection, abscess fallopian tubes / ovaries, and scarring of the reproductive organs which can lead to ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy outside the uterus), infertility and even death.
Type
Some sexually transmitted diseases are the most common:
Chlamydia. Chlamydia infection is one of the most common STDs. Chlamydia is a spherical bacterium. Many people who are infected with chlamydia have no symptoms so it is not noticed. This increases the risk of spread to the couple and evolve into chronic pelvic inflammation. If symptoms develop, Chlamydia can be characterized by a discharge from the penis / vagina, itching in the genitals, and pain during urination and sex. Chlamydia can be treated with antibiotics.
Gonorrhea (GO). Gonorrhea is an STD caused by bacteria. These bacteria infect not only the sexual organs, but also the throat or rectum, depending on sexual practices are run. Gonorrhea may cause no symptoms. If there is, the symptoms are very similar to chlamydia. Many people with gonorrhea are also infected with chlamydia. Fortunately, antibiotics are also effective in eradicating chlamydia gonorrhea.
Genital herpes. Genital herpes is usually caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) Type II. Herpes lesions are found either on the outside or inside the genitals, around the anus and the mouth. There is no cure for genital herpes. Viruses persist in the nerve ganglia. With both defenses, the appearance of the symptoms can be reduced. When the immune system is bad, the infection can recur.
HIV / AIDS. AIDS is the most dangerous STD caused by infection with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). The virus is present in all body fluids, mainly concentrated in the semen and blood. HIV transmission occurs through contact with body fluids that contain the virus. HIV / AIDS can not be cured until today, but early diagnosis is crucial. The faster the known presence of HIV infection, the more protected you and your prospective spouse getting proper medical care can be given to improve the quality of life and extend life expectancy of patients.
Genital warts. Genital warts caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). Warts are usually present in the penis or vulva and can also occur around the anus or oral cavity. Genital warts can be treated with special creams and surgery. Several vaccines that protect against cervical cancer can also prevent the virus that causes genital warts.
Syphilis (syphilis). Syphilis is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. After the initial infection, the bacteria spread through the bloodstream throughout the body, causing skin rashes, fever, fatigue and hair loss. Syphilis can be treated with antibiotics.
Hepatitis. Hepatitis B, C, D and E can be transmitted through sexual contact, but the most common is hepatitis B and D. Hepatitis virus attacks the liver and can cause cirrhosis in the long run. Although there is no cure for those already infected, hepatitis B vaccine is available for prevention of hepatitis B and D.
Tips for You
STDs can only be prevented 100% with no sex and body fluid contact. Not changing sexual partners and using condoms consistently can reduce the risk significantly.
Take care of personal hygiene to reduce the risk of infection. Wash the genital area with soap and water outside air-neutral pH. Avoid using strong antiseptic soap or something in your genital area.
When there are symptoms such as skin lesions, itching or burning sensation in your genital area, consult with a doctor to be treated early if necessary. Avoid unprotected sex in this period so you do not infect your partner.
Do not share needles with anyone.
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